Tag: Myths

6 credit card myths – which can kill your financial life someday !

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

One of the most used financial products is the Credit card. We all spend so much time to get best credit card, but I have never seen someone, who has spend his time to fully understands the importance of the CVV number, One time password, Signatures on the back of credit card or how secure their credit card is overall ! .

There are so many credit card frauds going on, and yet  each of us thinks, that our credit cards are fully secure and it cant happen with us. However, this is really far from the truth, because of the 4 big myths people have about their credit cards and we will bust them today for you, so that you become a more powerful and informed investor!

Credit Card myths

Myth 1 – My Credit Card is secure, because no one knows my PIN/Password

When you make a transaction through a credit card in India, at the end of the transaction, you are asked to enter one more final PIN number, which makes your transaction more secure and gives you an additional layer of security. RBI had come up with this additional password requirement just last year. While you needed credit card number, expiry date and your CVV number to make a transaction earlier, now as an extra security layer, you need this additional PIN too.

However note that this is limited to online transactions on Indian websites only. When you make a transaction outside India, this additional step is not compulsory. This means that someone having every other detail of your credit card other than your PIN can also do transactions even if he does not know your PIN . You must have realized this yourself, if you have done any transaction outside India.

Myth 2 – No one knows my CVV number, so I am secure

One of the biggest myths about credit card is that, if no one knows your CVV number, its impossible to do the transaction. Take a small breath, while I tell you this.

“CVV is not always mandatory on all websites to make an online transaction.”

Yes, you heard right!. You can make a online transaction on few websites out of India with only the Credit Card number, the expiry date and obviously the name of the credit card holder. If you don’t believe me, here’s a small example.

Try to book a domain name at godaddy.com. I was almost numb, when I booked a domain name some time back, only to realize that the domain name was booked, but the site never asked me my credit card CVV number and I was like – “What ?! Seriously ?!” . I then found out, that asking for CVV number is just optional for credit card merchants. While some countries make it mandatory, others don’t. It’s just a choice!

So make sure you are safe, do this

  • Scratch your CVV number on the back of your credit/debit card
  • Always make sure the swiping happens in front of your eyes! , I know, it can be a little embarrassing for you, but its just an extra mile security, see if its possible for you
  • Better do not use Credit Card at all , use Debit card instead!

Myth 3 – My credit card can’ t be duplicated.

Yes, your credit card can be duplicated and it happens in India. A card (credit or debit) might be using something like EMV chips or Magnetic strips, and that’s where the problem is at. While EMV chips are more secure, the magnetic strips are not!. If your card has magnetic strips, it can be duplicated.

Here is how it works …

Your card has a lot of data inside it and it sits on the magnetic strip. When the card is swiped, all the data is extracted from it, for verification purposes. Now some expert hacker with bad intentions, can extract all this data from the swipe machine and make a new card using a technique called Cloning. There are machines called “skimmers” , which helps in extracting the data from the swiping machines to a new card. If you are still wondering if this all happens in India, here is a story excerpt from Hindu website

According to the police, the machines were used to swipe cloned cards by one Rahul. The cloned cards were arranged by Pankaj Deewan, Yogesh Mahajan and Yasin through their contacts. The amount transferred to Dheeraj alias Rohit’s account was shared by the machine holder and cloned cards holder at 40:60 ratio respectively.

Following this, the police launched a hunt and subsequently arrested Dheeraj, Pankaj, Yogesh and Yasin. They purportedly told the police that the domestic cards were cloned by one Kamal and international cards by Devender Chauhan of Agra with the help of a professional hacker. The cards were cloned by obtaining information of genuine customers and then copying the same on a plain card having a magnetic strip. According to the police, the accused used skimmer (a device used to copy data from credit/debit card) for the same.

And if you still don’t believe all this, here is a video you might want to spend time on

If you need more , read this incident on Credit Card cloning here

Myth 4 – The signature on the back on credit card does not matter much

One of the most misunderstood and unknown facts about credit cards is the signature on the back of the card. Let’s understand the rule today and lay this to matter to rest. If a credit card does not have a signature on the back, it’s an invalid card. As per the agreement between card issuer and merchant (the shops and hotels which give you the facility to swipe the cards), the merchant is supposed to check the signature on the back of card with the signature on the bill, and only if they match, the merchant should allow the card to be swiped.

However almost all the merchants avoid checking it, as if it does not matter at all. This is violation of terms and conditions and if you have lost a credit card which was SIGNED, and some transaction takes place, you are not suppose to be charged, because the merchant should have checked the signatures on card with the signature on the bill. What this means is that if there has been ever a fraud on your credit card, and you are asked to pay the money (Like this Incident) , just ask your card issuer to check the signature on the bill with your specimen signatures with them and if they do not match, they are not suppose to pay the merchant at all and let merchant take the loss for not doing their duty of checking the signatures.

Credit Card signature and CVV

This explains why you should sign your cards on the back and not leave them blank, because if someone steals your card and puts his signature on the back, then the transaction can be done successfully even if the merchant does his duty of checking the bill signature with the signature on card and in that case you are bound to pay the money to card issuer.

MYTH 5 – By paying minimum balance, I do not have to pay Interest

As you have used your credit card and now it’s time to pay your bills of Rs 15000. But you don’t have money to pay back the bill. You are in tension because if you don’t pay your bill you will be charged penalty. So to avoid penalty you pay minimum balance of Rs 3000 and now you will not be charged penalty. So now the left over bill amount is Rs 12000.

You must be happy that you will have to pay Rs 12000 only but let me tell you that you will have to pay Interest of 3 to 4% on this 12000. So even if you pay your minimum balance to avoid penalty but you cannot avoid the interest charged on the left over amount.

MYTH 6 – Too many credit card will improve my credit score

Many people think that if they opt for more than one credit card then there credit score will increase eventually. But this is other way round. If you opt for too many credit cards you won’t improve your credit score but you end up being more dependent on these credit cards, which is not a good sign. Managing too many credit card becomes burdensome.

Tips to Secure your Credit Card

I hope, now that these myths are busted, you are a more informed and powerful person who the rules of the game of credit cards . To summarize, lets put out some tips to secure your credit card

  • Do not share your one time credit card password (IVR) with anyone ever
  • Scratch your CVV number and remember it in your head !
  • While making any online transaction, make sure the website starts with https://
  • While making any transaction offline like on petrol pumps , hotels etc, make sure its swiped in front of you as far as possible.
  • Make sure the card is swiped on a machine which is issued by authorized banks and not some machine which looks suspicious , it can be a “Skimmer” machine which steals your data.
  • Put a signature on the back of your credit and debit card, so that unauthorized transactions are not done and you are protected a card holder
  • If possible, better use a credit card which has a small limit like 10k or 20k for shopping.
  • There are virtual credit cards these days, you can use them for online transactions

If you ever had any incident that was mentioned here, please share it with others and if you have some thing to teach others, please share it here with everyone.

First 5 yrs of your earning life – Does it matter ?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

A lot of people complain that they do not have much wealth in their life despite earning from many years. This brings an important point in question. What did they do in the first 5 yrs of their earning life? It’s very clear that the first 5 yrs of your earning life leaves a very big impact on your future financial life. Your financial life shapes a lot due to the first 5 yrs of your financial life.

There are 3 possibilities

  • A person has saved & invested a maximum of his earned money in first 5 yrs
  • A person has spent a lot of his earnings in the first 5 yrs.
  • A person has kept a balance between his spending and investments/saving in the first 5 yrs.

Are you one of those who started young with a nice paying job, but did not focus on your first 5 yrs or are not focusing on it right now. You feel the future is so promising and your abilities/expertise are so great that you don’t need to worry so much. It happens because at times people are seriously unaware and ignorant that life turns out very differently then they think. There are many events which demand money and attention at any cost. These are some times unplanned or just popup in life if you had not planned for it before – like Job loss, Marriage, Sudden health-related expenses, etc. The moment these events happen or come near, then you realize – “Oh my god – I never planned for it or I underestimated how much money I will need”.

In my book Jagoinvestor there is a chapter where I explain how your first 5 yrs investments, out of a 30 yrs period make the 50% final corpus and rest another 25 yrs makes another 50% corpus. That means the initial 16% tenure makes 50% corpus and later 84% tenure builds rest 50% corpus – (read sample pages)

So if you are 5 yrs late in saving and investing for your retirement – You will end up with 50% less in your retirement – This might not sound too scary, but it is. This could mean looking for a part-time job compared to an enjoyable retirement without much tension. There is a big difference between what 50% less corpus can do. It’s like earning Rs 30,000 per month from next month compared to Rs 60,000 right now, imagine your life from next month.

Early years of your earning life

 Spending Maximum vs Investing Maximum

Let’s talk about the first two possibilities mentioned above – “Spending Maximum” vs “Investing Maximum” . Let’s say there are two guys who earn 75,000 per month. Both are unmarried (we all are, at the time of getting a job and next few years, possibly 4-5 yrs) and have similar conditions.

The first guy operates from the mindset of  “Life happens now and this is the time to spend, who knows about future“ , however, the other guy operates from the mindset of “Life is uncertain, I can save today so that I can protect my future now”. Both are ideologies and the way you think, but it can have a drastic impact on your life. Because your financial life operates like a chain reaction. What you do in the first year, has some impact on 2nd year, what you do in 2nd year affects your 3rd year and so on, obviously assuming that your pay rise is natural and not shoots from 3 lacs per annum to 13 lacs per annum in short term.

If you are struggling to make a down-payment for your dream house TODAY, you can clearly see your early 5 yrs have been and identify that point where you could have been more responsible, where you could have given your financial life a new direction and shape. If you are not able to fulfill your big goals coming soon, it’s a clear indication that you have done something wrong in the first 5-6 yrs of your financial life or early years. In the same way if you are at peace today, you can clearly identify what right things you did at the start of your career.

Real-Life Experience of Saving Early in Life

One of the readers Ashish shares his experience about how he saved early in life and how his life is right now.

After completing my study in 2004, I started my career in IT industry. Three thing was clearly injected in my mind by my father :-

1) Always maintain the cash for emergency. As in emergency cash is primary and relation is secondary.
2) Never go for loan. If you need money, first check with your relative and don’t mind paying interest on the money you owe from them. It will always be cheaper then bank. If no help available, consider the thing is not worth to invest.

3) Respect your money.

Though I am not obedient son of my father but “Money matters”. So I started maintaining one excel sheet about my expanse. I must say with my experience that daily expanse is not cost you more if you spend smartly. So at the start of my career, I compromised on my comfort level. Instead of staying in separate house, I searched for shared accommodation or PG which really helped in saving a lot. Instead of buying bike, I calculated my per-day travel expanse and tried my best to minimize it by sometime taking lift with office colleague :)

Travel and Stay is the biggest expanse as per my experience and this clicked me an idea of buying a house. I was not capable enough to buy the house, so instead of taking loan from bank I knocked my father’s door and able to convince him on 4% interest rate(following papa’s advice). No need to say that I paid 4% or not, but he is happy to see the value of that flat on today’s rate. But I was not able to stay in that house for more than a year as I changed my job very frequently(at least once or twice in a year) and happily rented so far.

I travelled from Gurgaon–hydbd–Noida–Pune–Mumbai and then finally got chance for onsite UK in 2008. I applied the same logic and maintained at least 1 lac saving per month. And the story continued since then on saving more and spending less. With this, I am able to manage to renovate my own house for my parents (which they call now as my house officially :) )

Then I married in 2009 on my own expanse and came back to India last year when we both thought that there is no place better than India on this earth. And it get proved as well, when my wife also got the job in same company and same building :) . Before coming to india, I showed no interest in paper form investment except ppf and property investment. But after becoming the member of JagoInvestor and reading some well written and advices article, I did another smart investment. 60 + 40 lac term insurance for me an my wife from two different company. One personal accident insurance of 40 lac from LnT for myself.

SIP of 8k per month in different MFs , which I considered after reading one of the article on jagoinvestor where the comparison was made with child plan and other investments and purchased one villa plot in Bangalore. So far no Loan :) . So far the story is this but adding new pages everyday… I know there are more happy family out there but just want to say that “Saving does help not hurt”.

I would say your life has a constant amount of comfort in your financial life, it’s your choice when you want to have it, at the start of later years or keep a balance in start and end. The best approach I feel is to 1st year your earning life to yourself, enjoy, spend and do what you always wanted. After the first year just get damn serious ! .. What do you think?

Emergency Fund – Helps you stay in Action !

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

How many times have you ever faced an emergency situation in your financial life? I am talking about some situations when you needed cash within a few hours or days and it turned out that you had to seek monetary help from your relative for it or some friends, whom you didn’t want to ask?

Financial Planners and advisors suggest emergency funds to everyone saying that they should have it because there can be emergency situations in their life and they should always have a few month’s worths of expenses as plain cash for emergency purposes.

Emergency Fund

While it’s a good practice to maintain an emergency fund, a lot of people do not believe in it because for them emergency situation is something which will never happen to them. They always have fixed deposits which can be broken in hours/days and if its really required one can get it anytime. In the same way, mutual funds can be liquidated at a click nowadays and in the worst case, you always have relatives/parents etc who can lend you money in short term. So, in reality, a “real” emergency is really rare. This is how a lot of people think.

The real reason of having an emergency fund

But after a lot of introspection, I came to the conclusion that the real reason for having an emergency fund is something else. More than the “handling emergency situation”,  It’s about your behavior about investing regularly. It’s helpful in stopping you from disturbing the investments which are all set in your life. Let me explain to you what I want to say with some examples.

Imagine a situation where you have started a SIP of 10,000 per month. You also have invested some amount in Fixed Deposits recently and few other investments. You all know that it’s damn tough to finally take actions and really start your SIP’s and actually make investments after a lot of thinking and analysis and “will surely do one day” thinking.

Now suppose you didn’t have an emergency fund, which is “6 months of expenses” for you. Now, what will be your natural reaction if you need money urgently? It’s very natural to break your FDs, liquidate your mutual fund’s investments and then say “let’s stop the SIP for few months till I am facing this cash crunch”. Put one hand on your heart and tell me, how many of us are really so dedicated to re-start our SIPs and investments after the situation is back to normal. We all get lost in our life and jobs and “problems” and then it only starts back after months and years of finding that perfect moment or if its “high time now” situation.

So as per my understanding, the real reason for having an emergency fund is to make sure that you do not disturb your investments which are already started and automated. The real reason for having it is so that you have dedicated funds which you will break before reaching out to your other goal-oriented investments. Think of it as a layer between your real wealth which you want to grow over the long term and money which you want to use in emergency situation. Think about this for a moment, its a little hard to imagine what I am saying here, but if you get my point, you will really appreciate the concept of this.

Did you understand what exactly Emergency fund does for your financial life?

IRDA Fraud Calls – Beware of fake phone calls

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

There have been too many fake phone calls in the name of IRDA these days to many people. It have been noticed that these IRDA fraud calls are made by anonymous people claiming that they can help you get your money back for your Insurance policies which have become a big headache those those who invested in ULIP’s traditional policies without understanding them and are stuck in those plans now. They know that IRDA is a body which handles them (do they?). At times investors are so fed up with their policies, their life situations and are so desperate to get help that they believe anyone who claims to help them.

So some very smart people starting calling up people claiming they are from IRDA and they can help them in getting back their money back or showing some kind of hope to help them. There are several instances where some people lost more money falling for these calls and believing in them. Lets see some examples of these fraud calls and how investors again believed them without doing their study.

Fraud Case 1 : Deepak lost Rs 25,000

I also Received a call from a number 01206470443 saying that he is from IRDA and I will get a bonus of atleast Rs. 20000- for the insurance policy that I had taken few years back from hdfcsl. However, I had to make an investment of Rs. 25000/- for birla sun life insurance company. but i have no recieved documents of birla sun life insurance company. Any one can tell what I do for my payment back. (link)

Comment

It was very obvious that their was a fraud done with him and he had either signed some cheque or given DD to someone without understanding what he was doing. He must be very excited to get back some bonus (which didnt exist). He

Fraud Case 2 : How S Dash lost 51,000

I received a call from a lady named Riya Malhotra who said she was from IRDA. She said that IRDA is helping out investors in getting back their long stuck up policy funds. I had one Bajaj Allianz policy which I wanted to close. She said she will help me do it if I take a new policy from Kotak Mahindra or Birla Sunlife

She said that this is a five year term, we pay one-time 51000 now (no more premium payment till 5 years) and we will get 50% of the 51000 in 45 days and after 5 years we will receive approx 76000. However we will get a life cover till I attain age of 100. Moreover we can also recover any insurance amount which we are unsatisfied with within 45 days also. It’s already more than 50 days since I made the payment of 51000 by cheque but I have not received any communications from her. I try calling her @ her mobile. No answer.
Please suggest what should I do? (link)

Comment

Note sure whom did she write the cheque for ? There was no rational on choosing a new policy just to get back the money from old policy, there is no relation between both policies.

Fraud Case 3 : How Vikas Lost Rs 3 lacs

Mere pass call aya ki birla sun life me policy one time karane par ek verna car gift ki ja rhi hai , lekin rupees cash dene hoge maine three lakh rupees de diye lekin aaj ek mhina ho gya na to koi bond paper aaya h na hi mere paise sir plz me kya kru (link)

Comments 

I have no idea how a person can believe that if you if you buy a policy , you will be gifted a car ! . Thats too guaranteed ! , That too by giving cash ! .. While this was a fraud call , there was some common sense expected too !

Fraud Case 4 : How Sumit lost his money

In last December 2011 I got a call from IRDA (from number 0120-3050600 saying they are from IRDA) saying that your last policy premium will be recovered as we are from IRDA and we will give one regulatory to Birla Sun Life to return your money back but I’ll not get this amount directly to my account. What I need to do is to take a policy from Aegon Religare for the same amount Rs 36000. This policy will be actually for 16 years with 10 years locking period. But Due to IRDA intervention your policy will be for only 3 months locking period. Your first year premium will be paid by amount from Birla Sun Life policy and I need to pay another Rs 36000 as current year premium and I need to pay next year premium and then 4th year I can withdraw the amount which will be around 1.6L due to some calculation. Over and above that they committed that company will pay agent commission to my account which will be 25% of yearly premium. They will bypass agent from my policy.

They were continuously in contact with me till 18th Jan that I’ll get a separate statement. They know that I can cancel the policy within 15 days of receiving the documents so they were contacting me so that I’ll be convinced and cannot cancel the policy. But after 20th Jan they are neither picking my call nor calling me. So they have found a new way by picking weak vain of customer by giving promise that old lapsed policy amount will be recovered as well you will get agent commission. I had taken this policy bcaz of tenure will be 3 years as well as I’ll get agent commission with last policy lapsed amount.

The person whom I was in continuous contact was Anjali Oberai. Her mobile number is OXXXXXXXX and direct landline number is 0120-4396848. I have called many times on these two numbers to her. Before 20th Jan she entertained all my calls but now she is not picking my call. Also same policy benefits were explained to me by Neha Chaturvedi one of senior person of IRDA from Hyderabad. Anjali Oberai represented Neha Chaturvedias senior person from IRDA from Hyderabad and she came to NCR for some time. Many times I had doubt on them but due to greed of recovery of my loosed last policy amount and getting agent commission I was cheated by them. I know it’s completely my fault. But I would like to take in focus of all so that nobody can be cheated. (link)

Comment

I can see a clear gap in understanding of how life insurance industry works and too much faith in stranger who called up on the name of IRDA . If the policy was really taken from Aegon religare , it should be checked who was the agent in this whole process and nab him/her.

IRDA has clearly issued a notice saying that there is no initiative from IRDA like this 

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) is a regulatory body established by an Act of Parliament to protect the interests of the policyholders, to regulate, promote and ensure orderly growth of the insurance industry and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

Some instances have been observed by the Authority that general public are receiving calls from individuals who claim to be representatives of IRDA and offering insurance policies of different insurance companies with various benefits (such as offering of scholarship along with policy etc.).

The general public is hereby informed that Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority is a regulatory body which does not involve directly or through any representative in sale of any kind of insurance or financial products. Any person making any kind of ‘transaction with such individuals/agents will be doing the same at their own risk. If any member of the public notices such instances he/she may lodge a police complaint in the local police station.

Sd/-
(Kunnel Prem)
Consultant and Special Officer (Life)

Don’t fall for IRDA Fraud Calls

IRDA is just a regulator for Insurance sector. They do not make any calls acting as mediator between you and company. All they can do is direct a company for some matter or ask them to follow a guideline. But they never work on individual cases and send people to collect money from you. Even if it did , it will never ask for Cash or any kind of cheque on personal names. These kind of calls are purely fraud done by those who know which policies you have (known somehow) and then they just try to see if you can fall for their false promises. Use common sense because making payment to anyone like this, do not pay any attention to these IRDA Fraud Calls.

Minimum Balance in Credit Card – How does it work ?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

A lot of people have no idea on how their credit card works and what is the exact interest applications. Credit cards are in the market mainly to make money from customers by charging them huge interest because they overuse their credit limit or just fall for the minimum balance option and get into a debt trap. Let’s first understand a few concepts like billing cycle and grace period to start with

How Billing Cycle in Credit Card works?

The billing cycle is the duration for which you are liable to pay the due amount. e.g. from the period 6th Mar- 5th Apr. It means that your bill gets generated on the 5th of every month. This bill includes all the transactions done in the last 30 days. If you buy something on 7th Mar, that transaction will appear on the bill generated on 5th Apr and if you buy something on 4th Apr, still it appears on the bill generated on 5th Apr.

What is the meaning of the Grace period?

A grace period is a number of days up to when you have the liberty to pay off your last bill. For example, if the grace period is of 25 days, in that case, you will enjoy no interest for the next 25 days from the recent billing date. In our example, as the billing happens on the 5th of every month. You can pay off the bill till the 30th of that month, but after that you start paying the interest if you don’t pay the bill in full.

A maximum number of days without interest?

So now based on this info, what is the maximum number of days for which you can enjoy interest-free credit?? The answer is the maximum 55 days! It’s because your billing cycle length is 30 days and grace period is 25 days, so if you purchase anything on the first day of your billing cycle, in this example say 6th Mar, then it will actually appear on your bill of 5th Apr (30 days are gone) and you still get 25 days to pay off this loan, so total 30+25 days = 55 days of interest free credit. However, if you buy anything near the end of your billing cycle, like 4th Apr, then that will appear on the 5th Apr and you can pay off that in the next 25 days, so in this case total 26 days of interest-free credit.

How Credit card billing cycle works

Now this means that if you have any large purchase or any big-ticket size purchase to be made, it’s always better to make sure you do it exactly at the start of the billing cycle to get maximum out of your credit card.

The myth of Minimum Balance

Do you know that you start paying interest on your balance outstanding even if you have Rs 1 in outstanding? Yes, if you don’t pay off your full balance by the end of the grace period, you will be charged with the interest from that point of time. Even if you pay off the minimum balance, still you pay the interest on the rest of the outstanding balance. A lot of people live in this myth that just because they have paid the minimum balance, they will not pay the interest and can pay off the rest of the balance next time without any interest. This is totally wrong!

Paying the minimum balance is just going to make sure that you are not charged any penalty for late fees. That’s the reason “minimum balance” is there. The worst part of this whole minimum balance thing is that once you have any outstanding balance in your credit card, the concept of the grace period is lost. You keep on paying the interest on your outstanding balance at the end of your billing cycle. The grace period concept will only return once the 100% dues are cleared.

Impact of Minimum balance in credit card

This is one big reason why the credit card outstanding balance ballons to such a big amount once a person starts paying the only minimum balance. Let’s understand this with a picture.

Minimum balance is to make sure you don’t pay full?

Minimum balance is a trick, pure trick to make sure you pay less and get into a debt trap. Credit card companies know very well, that if they do not give any option to pay the minimum balance, people will have no other option than to think “let’s pay off my bill in full”. But they know that if they put an option saying “minimum balance”, most of the people will then think – “Ok! this month let me pay this small amount and next month I will settle the full amount.” Sadly this is the first step for most people to get into the debt trap, and this cycle never ends. As this strategy is a lifeline of credit card companies, they make sure they take full advantage of this.

How Psychology Affects Your Payment Behavior

A recent research study concluded that when a person looks at the amount of “minimum payment”, it can influence how much of his balance he decides to pay off each month. The study looked at how people’s behavior changed when they saw a specific number as “minimum balance” and when they did not see anything as “minimum balance”.

A random sample of 481 Americans was taken and divided into 2 groups . One group saw a mock credit-card statement showing a balance of $1,937, and an annual interest rate of 14%, but they didn’t saw any “minimum payment” option. However one the other hand, the other group also saw that the minimum payment of 2% of the balance was mandatory.

What they found is that people who did not see any minimum payment number desired to pay a higher amount of their balance — significantly more than 2% . Whereas people who were shown the minimum payment number were inclined to pay closer to 2% (meaning they’d be in debt longer)

Example of Ajay paying Minimum Balance

Let us see an example to understand all the concepts and working of credit cards. Let’s take an example of Ajay
credit card payment example

Suppose Ajay pays a minimum balance of Rs 300 and carries forward the outstanding balance for next month and also spends Rs 5,000 more in the next billing cycle.

In this case, as Ajay makes the minimum balance of Rs 300, then his outstanding balance would be Rs 9,700 as on due date (30th Apr). Now his total interest will be charged on this Rs 9,700 and that would be 3% of Rs 9,700 = Rs 291, which will be added to his outstanding amount and his final outstanding amount would be Rs 9,991 (just Rs 9 less than his original outstanding amount). Now as he carried forward an outstanding amount on his credit card, there is no concept of grace period. Now in this billing cycle as he has spent another Rs 5,000. That will be added to his old outstanding and the total would now be Rs 9,991 + 5,000 = Rs 14,991

Now this time, suppose his minimum balance is Rs 400 (just for example), and he pays it, then his outstanding balance will come down by Rs 400 and his final outstanding balance would be Rs 14,991 – 400 = 14,591. Now as there will be no grace period, he will be charged the interest of 3% on his outstanding balance of Rs 14,591, that’s 3% of 14,591 = 437.73 and will be added back to his outstanding, 14571 + 437.73 = 15,008 (approx)

Example of how Credit cards works

You can see that even after making the minimum balance he is actually having more than his previous outstanding amount because of interest paid. In case he does not pay the minimum balance also, in that case, he will also be charged a heavy penalty for late payment and that will be added back to his credit card debt. You can see how the minimum balance gets one into a debt trap.

Making Minimum payment affects your Credit Score

Do I need to give any other reason why one should stay away from minimum balance whenever possible? Making a minimum payment means not making full payment on time and the more number of times you do it, the worse your credit score gets each time. Read more on Improving your credit score here

Conclusion

Now you know all the terminologies in credit cards and how it works exactly. You also came to know about how minimum payments work and how it gets you into a debt trap. Try to make sure you become more responsible for your credit card payments. What do you think about it ? Give your views about this

Loan Settlement hurts Cibil Report & Score !

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Did you do any loan settlement in past ? That will surely affect your CIBIL report and score ! . Before we look at that, look at this data – Over 88% of new home loan borrowers in 2011 had a CIBIL score of 750 and above. Do you have a score of 750+ or not ?

So now by default if your CIBIL Score is less than 750, you stand a very low chance of getting any kind of loan to be approved. Most probably your loan application will be rejected. However, today we are going to talk about “Loan Settlement” aspect of any Loan. Lets see more!

CIBIL has really made life worse for a lot of people. A lot of people have misused their credit cards or other kind of loans , on top of it outstanding loans piled up so much over time, that they could not pay it off completely. Banks suddenly told them- “Hey, Don’t worry if you can’t pay off your Rs 3 lac outstanding loan, just go for loan settlement and all you need to pay Rs 60,000. We will send you loan settlement letter or NOC letter after that”. Are you one of those who went for Loan settlement months or years back ?

Loan settlement impacts your credit report negatively

Settlement of Loan is not a solution

A lot of people feel that Settlement of their loan outstanding in case they cant pay it off is a permanent solution to their worries? However, for one and the last time, understand that SETTLEMENT of Loan is just a temporary solution. It’s just a short cut way to get rid of constant reminders from banks and credit recovery agents. Banks do this because they know you are a waste and mostly you will never be able to pay back your 100% dues, so they settle for whatever you can pay! . Atleast they will get something back from you.

This settlement of loan will NOT clear your name in CIBIL report. In fact its a negative sign. It shows that you took loan, happily used it, ballooned it with late charges/interest by not paying on time and finally bank in frustration said – “Fine… Let’s take whatever we can get out of this guy, if we don’t get some part right now, we will not get even a penny later”.

Mak was worried why his name is appearing on CIBIL report as “settled” and his loan application was rejected.

I want to remove my name from Cibil report, I Used to have 2 CC, from HDFC & another from citi bank, I do had personal loan from citi finance, which I settled long 2yrs back for which I have settlement letter as well. Recently when I applied for a Bajaj finance loan for home electronic, It got declined, reason given to me was as my name reflected as a defaulter of Cibil. Please advice me to clear of my name from Cibil.

What Mak has to understand is that Loan settlement is a negative thing, and banks will report this incident to CIBIL and mind you, your status will be marked as “Settled” for next 7 yrs. So forget about getting any kind of loan from any bank for next 7 yrs at least. Once 7 years passes, then the SETTLED status will be removed , however your credit score by that time will be so low , that you will not get any loan even after that point, unless you work on improving your credit score. Now if your score is low at that point, it will again be very difficult for you to get any kind of loan (because of low score). So ultimately, the final conclusion here is that once you settle your loan, it becomes very very negative thing for you and your future and over the years it will not let you get any kind of loan unless you pay off each and every paisa of your loan.

Loan Settlement is Tempting

Loan Settlement gives you instant gratification. It’s something you really want to go for? Obviously, it gives an impression that all your worries will be taken off by the bank, its shown to people as an “opportunity” by banks. And most of the people fall for it. Swetha is one of those people who is confused about the Settlement of her loan

I have a personal loan and i have defaulted , my loan completes in the month of april the collection guys asked me to settle the loan for half the price of the remaining loan amount which is rs 44000 and he said the NOC will be mailed to within 15-20 days and also can i get a loan again . Please guide should i go for the settlement or payoff the whole amount.

No doubt, once you settle the loan and pay the settlement amount, the banks will not bother you anymore by calling and asking you to pay. They will also send you an NOC that this guy has settled his loan of X amount by paying Y amount (Y<X). But please don’t be mistaken that bank will forget you and is so generous that it will show any mercy on you. Bank will make sure your life is hell after that point. You will not get any kind of loan from that bank plus, they will send this information to CIBIL that this guy was not capable of paying off his full amount and hence we showed mercy on him by settling his loan. Please mark him/her as “SETTLED”.

Unless you pay off each and every penny/paisa of your original loan outstanding, your CIBIL report will show status “Settled” and it’s a very bad sign. Finally let me tell you what CIBIL website has to say about “Written Off” or “Settled” status in CIBIL report.

Given that a CIBIL credit report helps a loan provider ascertain your ability to pay additional debt based on your past performance, a ‘’written off’ or ‘’settled’’ account implies that you have not been able to pay your past dues. Hence, Loan providers may view accounts that are reported as ”written off” or “settled” negatively and this may affect your chances of a future loan approvals. – from cibil website

Conclusion

If you have done any kind of loan settlement in past, first check your credit report and see what is your score. If its low (lower than 750) , you will seriously face getting any kind of loan in future, So the only solution is to pay off the loan outstanding. Talk to your bank and pay it off. This will still not improve your score immediately, over next 1-2 yrs , make sure you pay your existing loan/credit card on time and dont misuse your credit capability. Your score will improve over time. Can you share your Loan settlement Story with us ?

Why some agents pay your first year premium ?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

While replying to some of the comments 2 days back, something caught my attention. One of the reader wanted my opinion on what he should do with his Jeevan Saral Policy for which the first premium was paid by the agent and future premiums were to be paid by him. As this happened recently in Jan 2012 only, the first premium had been invested (by agent) and he had to pay his future premiums (monthly). What caught my attention is that his agent paid his first month premium.

In addition to this i recently taken Lic Jeevan saral policy in the month of Jan 2012 (First premium payed by agent) and i need to pay from feburary 2012 thru ECS. After i read the article i realized the returns will 6 ~ 7%. My doubt is.. Do lic returns 6~7% any proof or evidence? If it is sure 6 ~ 7% what i need to do whether to continue or stop? (source)

You might be aware that many agents offer to pay first month premium and at times the whole first year premium. Many a times hungry investors shamelessly ask their agents if any pass-back can be earned out of it! So in such scenario, agents have to pay premiums from their own pocket. Now to many of us this whole “agent paying premium” might look very shocking and confusing because what can be the reason for an agent to pay your premium? So lets see why this happens.

Agents get commissions out of your premiums

One reason as to why an agent might be ready or eager or forced to pay your 1-2-3 months of premiums is because he earns commissions out of your premium. He earns around 25% of the premiums as commission in first year, 7.5% in 2nd and 3rd year and 5% for all the other years. Hence agents can safely afford to pay up to 25% of the premiums (which he gets back in form of commission) from his own pocket. So he can pay up to 3 months of premium without loosing any money.

Because of the competition and wrong attitude of clients

Another reason why most of the agents are forced to do this is because of the competition in the agent business. If one agent does not offer the pass-back of premiums in form of paying the first few months of premiums then some other agent will and the agent will lose the customer and all the future commissions he might have earned. Even the customers want to choose agents based on how much commissions he can pass back to them rather than how he will serve his clients. While writing this article, I came across this yahoo answers link where the question topic was “Where Can I find a LIC agent who returns the commission?” and then these clients will blame agents for miss-selling.

Purely as a bait to the client

Who in India does not like the word FREE? When someone else pays your premium, you are so tempted to take it and ignore the fact if it’s really a worthy product or not. So if the agent feels that a client might be interested in a product, well and good. If he feels a little hesitation or sees that a client might get stopped because of some reason, then an offer of paying first few months premium is really an ace move. That really stumbles the client’s rational thinking ability.

Because it plays with clients psychology

It’s very simple. I don’t need to sell you anything, just start the policy and pay first 2 months premium. I tell you that “Sir, your policy is started, don’t worry for the first premium as I will pay it”. Then comes next month and then I say “Sir, I have already paid your two month premiums now all you need to do is continue it”… So this gives you a feeling that you already got 2 premium payments for FREE. This in a way attracts you to make future commitments and the agent had to part away for some of this first year premium commission, but in a long run, he will make money out of it.

Meeting targets and urge to win incentives

A lot of investors have no idea on this point, but companies have load of sales targets and even bigger incentives for meeting these targets. For example – Foreign trips for top 100 top Development officers, a CAR to the agent selling maximum policies and many more like these. So at times in order to meet these targets and be eligible for those incentives some agents pay the first year premiums for some of the client.

Conclusion

As this trend to pass-back commissions is totally disallowed by IRDA. Its illegal for agent to pay clients premium or give him excessive gifts to lure him in taking the policy. An agent should totally avoid paying his clients premium. Also as a client, one has to understand that it’s not in his best interest to ask an agent to pay their hard-earned money for your policy. In the case an agent is offering to pay your premiums please ignore it!

11 Health Insurance Myths which you thought were True

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Health Insurance sector is such a new thing in India that a lot of people have dozens of health insurance myths regarding various things and because of that they feel that this whole thing is so complicated. Today I will burst some of your long-term medical insurance myths which will help you choose right products and also build right expectations from health insurance policies.

 24 hours Hospitalization is necessary for making a Health Insurance Claim.

This clause always reminds me of an incident. A little over a year ago, we were having our weekly meetings, when a doctor friend who owns a hospital in Mumbai frantically called us. A woman was making a ruckus in this friend’s hospital, insisting doctors continue hospitalization of her son and discharge only after 24 hours, as her “advisor” had informed her that they would get the claim only if the hospitalization is over 24 hours. This incident brought to light the magnitude and the level of fallacies customers have about Health Insurance. Advisors, Representatives, Telemarketers, and even hospitals and customers have frazzled their throats out on the 24 hours clause, while explaining or even using the product.

Though, the policy does mention this as one of the clauses, the 24 number in real world of claims holds lesser importance. The clause, in spirit, requires the hospitalization to be “necessary” more than it to exceed “24 hours”. This was purely from the general understanding that most hospitalizations less than 24 hours are treated under “Out-patient” (treatment at the Doctor’s Dispensary) not covered under a Standard Mediclaim. Hospitalizations (like Cataract), though required 2-3 days earlier, which are now possible due to advancement in medical science in less than 24 hours are covered, while, hospitalization by an insured for more than 24 hours for getting his routine diagnostic tests done, while no active treatments are being carried out, would not be payable under Mediclaim.

Conclusion

The thumb rule of a whether a claim is payable is not 24 hrs hospitalization but whether the hospitalization was medically “necessary” or not?

You must compare Pre-existing waiting period, always.

This is a clause that most people looking for a Mediclaim are confused about (17 Most asked questions in Health Insurance). I speak to many customers whose requirement with mediclaim is that they do not want a waiting period for pre-existing ailments. This, in spite of their entire family being completely fit, without any ailment, whatsoever. Somehow, the clause again being so popular has brought in its own confusions for customers. In reality, the 4 year Pre-existing exclusion on ailments is applicable to ailments existing at the time of applying for the policy, and not any other ailments. If you do not have any ailments or conditions, you have no pre-existing waiting period.

Conclusion

When applying for a Mediclaim, if you are completely healthy, the Pre-existing exclusion clause is not applicable to you

Cashless is an on-call Emergency Service.

Ever since it was introduced as a value addition to Mediclaim, Cashless has remained a buzz word. To a level, that for a lot of people, Cashless became a prefix, or, even synonymous to Mediclaim. The reason for the cashless concept getting popular was obvious; it was a great value add, which helped customers tide away the burden of large payments on their bank account, documentation and of course, the stress of waiting for the claim cheque. Yes, Cashless can do all this, but expecting it to work when there are emergency funds required for Hospitalization is asking for too much.

You should understand the Cashless mechanism as a concept to know why it cannot be depended on at the time of emergencies. Cashless is an arrangement between the Health Insurance Company/TPA and the Hospital where, the Hospital agrees, under contract, to grant credit facility to the Insurance Company/TPA against authorized claims. Such an arrangement is only for authorized Claims, and not for all claims. TPAs/Insurance Companies, hence, need to assess every claim received, against the policy terms and conditions, to authorize payment. Such an authorization could require additional information as well as documents and hence can take anywhere for 4 hours to 2 days of time. In their role, the TPA or the Claims Team at the Insurance Company would have to do its job of evaluation of the claim, irrespective of how urgent the medical admission or treatment is. Cashless will help you save the burden of processing a reimbursement claim, but it cannot provide you the convenience of on-call emergency funds.

Moreover, one should also note, unlike the hospital cashier, Insurance Desks in hospitals (which coordinate for cashless claims) have fixed work-hours from 10.00 AM to 7.00 PM. Cashless process and approvals after 07.00 PM are processed by the Hospital the next day. Hence, though the TPA provides 24/7 service, the cashless process may not move, once the Hospital stops working on it.

Conclusion

Expecting Cashless to work as an on-call Emergency Service is foolish. You should plan your emergency medical fund, as well as ensure you have good unutilized credit card limits, always.

You must compare no. of Day Care Procedures covered

Most Insurance Companies (specially the Private ones) flaunt a large list of more than 100 Day Care Procedures being covered under their policy. In fact, it is a highlight of their product pitch. The truth is comparison of such numbers can be very misleading. One company could list every procedure, while another could list macro-level treatments, including the listed procedures of the former. For instance, a person who compares Apollo Munich’s Easy Health Insurance which covers 140 Day Care procedures, with an Oriental Happy Family Floater which covers only 26 procedures would feel that Apollo has wider cover on Day Care Procedures. Believe me, but it could actually be the reverse. How? Oriental promises to cover Eye Surgery (a broader definition) in its daycare list, compared to say an Apollo which lists 15 specific eye treatments, which results in a larger number. Now, if the treatment being carried out is an eye surgery, which is day care but not a part of the 15 specific treatments, Apollo or many other Private players may not pay, whereas, in the case of Oriental it would get paid in the broad definition of eye surgery. By providing a specific list of surgeries instead of a macro area of treatment, the coverage under Apollo may actually be more restrictive in the long run than Oriental’s wide area of treatment wise list.

Conclusion

A short list of procedures could be wider than a long one. Do not compare the no. of Day Care Procedures.

You should check the list of Network Hospitals.

Many customers, we have interacted with demand Hospital network lists. They select the mediclaim product depending on whether their preferred hospitals are part of that Insurance Company’s list. What they fail to realize is that a Hospital Network is ever-changing. Insurance Companies regularly blacklist defaulting Hospitals. Hospitals blacklist or refuse cashless of certain Insurance Companies/TPAs for delayed payments. What is clear from this is that there is no fixed or contracted list of hospitals between your Insurance Company and you – which means there is no assurance that the hospital name in the list, which you are depending when you buy the policy, would exist in the network when you have a claim, say 4 years down time.

Conclusion

Network List of Hospitals are not fixed or contracted through policy terms. Do not depend on the network hospital list to decide a suitable product for your family. The list could change even tomorrow, in fact it could change any moment.

Capping on Room Rent is bad:

Public Sector (PSU) Mediclaim products and their current terms and conditions are evolved from experiencing and analysing millions of claims spread over more than 20-25 years. Hospital Rooms are classified into various categories like General, Shared, Private and Deluxe Rooms. Earlier without the room rent limits, for the same treatment, a person with a sum insured of 1 Lakh paying a measly premium of say Rs. 2000, would have access to the same category of room, as a person who pays 5 times the premium, and takes a Rs. 5 Lakhs cover for himself. The 1% and 2% Room Rent Limits in Mediclaim brought a clear sync between the kind of premium one pays and the eligibility of room. With such cappings, an individual who pays a high premium gets a better room, than one who pays a smaller premium, for the same treatment, which is fair. It’s like any other product with categories, like Indian Railways, providing you better facilities/services, as you move from 2nd Class to 3rd AC to 2nd AC and so on. In my opinion, sooner or later, Insurance Companies would either have to hike premium for lower sum insured or bring in a capping of some kind. For instance, the newest health insurance company – Max Bupa, has a restriction on the type of room according to the sum insured selected, instead of a “no capping on room rent” feature.

Conclusion

Cappings are good for Health Insurance as a community fund. Cappings could actually be helpful to customers in the long run.

Health Insurance Plans sold by Life Insurers are the same

The highly advertised Health Plans from LIC are Defined Benefit Health Insurance Plans, sold as “hassle free” alternatives with guaranteed payments. These plans should not be considered as a substitute to Standard Health Insurance plans sold by General Insurance Companies. These plans provide fixed benefits against no. of days of hospitalization and/or surgeries. These plans do not take care of healthcare inflation. For instance, with 18-25% healthcare inflation, a fixed benefit for Angioplasty at say, Rs. 1,50,000/- would miserably fall short in 10 years. Defined Benefit products are actually supplementary plans which provide a cover over allied costs of hospitalization including loss of earnings, if any, but such products surely cannot be a substitute to the good ol’ traditional mediclaim. Read more about the difference here.

Conclusion

Beware of what you buy. A Traditional Mediclaim should be the first product you buy to cover the financial risk of healthcare expenses of the future. Defined Benefit Products are supplementary and not substitute to Traditional Health Insurance.

Health Insurance is a Tax Saving Tool:

A large Healthcare expenditure can severely affect your financial planning for the future. The goal when you buy Health Insurance should be to financially insure your family against such large scale healthcare expenditure. Buying a health insurance product blindly, for the 80D tax benefits, is a wide-spread fallacy, which has left a large no. of people underinsured or insured with products which are not suitable. The worst part is most of them are unaware of this.

Conclusion

Health Insurance at its core is not a Tax Saving Instrument. It could save you much more than your tax, if you invest wisely.

There will be no changes in the terms of the Mediclaim I bought:

Expect changes in your product, terms. Don’t be surprised. The Health Insurance companies and other stakeholders in India are going through a mindset change. Losses in Health Insurance are no longer acceptable by key stakeholders at Insurance Companies. A lot of streamlining and normalizing in premium, terms, benefits and procedures, which have already begun, is expected in the next 5 years. Group products would turn expensive, and restrictive. Parents would be out of most Sponsored Employee Mediclaim Covers. Large and small tweaks are expected in Retail/Individual products and processes, especially from new and private players who are till experimenting and understanding how to make a long term sustainable (read profitable) product for the Indian market.

For instance, last year, PSU Insurance companies tightened the procedure of intimation and submission of reimbursement claims. Customers who were not aware of such a change faced harsh action of denial of claims, and lost good money. 

Conclusion

Ensure you are updated with changes in the terms and procedures of your Mediclaim Product. Ensure you have recruited a good advisor who keeps you posted on such changes.

I can destroy Mediclaim Policies once they have expired.

Don’t know how many of you have observed at the time of renewals, but PSU companies and their divisions are infamous in the industry for changing their TPAs year over year. With TPAs being the custodian of claims, change in TPAs could result in scattered claims information amongst various TPAs across years of continuous renewals. Hence, when there is a claim, the TPA in all probability won’t have information regarding how long you are continuously covered, an essential data point to approve claims, especially, and those treatments which had a waiting period at entry into the policy. TPAs for evaluation of continuity may demand policy copies of past 3 to 4 years. Hence, destroying policy copies records have cost many customers lot of stress in proving continuity of cover. Yes, we know that it is ridiculous for the Insurance Company or its representative to ask for their own record from the customers, but then this is how it is. A good health insurance advisor knowingly would keep a repository of all policy copies, to ensure such queries do not create roadblocks in a smooth claim settlement.

Conclusion

In addition to the current one, keep copies of at least 3 previous year policy copies. Ensure your advisor also records them.

My Friend, My Health Insurance Advisor

No offence to agents, but in our interaction with Customers, we have noticed time and again, that most customers, who were found with a wrong health insurance product, bought these either from a friend, a friend’s relative, or a relative, or a relative’s friend. Most of these customers did not spend enough time in selecting an advisor, and relied on pure reference. Most of these agents selected were Life Insurance agents, who did not have a detailed understanding of mediclaim products, neither were they providing any real expert assistance (beyond picking of forms, and providing the TPA’s no.) at the time of claims. The advisor selected should have the capability and the intention to provide unbiased advice, the advisor should forever own the product they sold you, and provide services across the Health Insurance service cycle, including Purchase Assistance, Records management, Claims Assistance and Renewals. A good advisor would be able to hand hold you through the dynamic transformation that the Health Insurance industry in India, is witnessing and will continue to witness for the next 2-3 years.

Conclusion on Health Insurance Myths

Select an advisor on merits and the services he demonstrated, and just not merely on reference.

 

What was the biggest and most valuable learning for you out of this article ? How many of your health insurance myths were really broken ? Please share it on comments section .

How EMI’s Principle and Interest breakup is done

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Do you know who to calculate principle and interest part in your home loan’s EMI break up? Do you know how each EMI is distributed to principal and interest repayments? It is extremely important to have this knowledge because a lot of real life decisions like prepaying the loan, opting for the loan tenure and many more such aspects depend on how your EMI is structured.

home loan EMI breakup

Basics of Home Loan EMI’s

What happens in a general scenario? Loan is opted for from a Bank and you start paying your EMIs each month as contracted (see this excellent article on how EMI formula is derived). When you pay your EMIs, some part of it goes towards interest and remaining towards principal repayment. So each month you are reducing your loan by some extent and now as your loan have reduced, you will be paying less interest on your next instalment. In the same way, with each passing month, your loan gets paid by some amount and balancing amount keeps on reducing resulting in paying lesser interest month on month and year on year and the day comes when you fully close your loan. Note that your EMI is generally fixed and internally it’s worked out into ‘interest’ and ‘principal’ repayments.

However, even today, a lot of people have no understanding of the idea that in the early years of repaying the loan, interest component is very high as compared to principal repayment. The longer the tenure of the loan, the interest component will be higher than principal payments and also the rate at which the interest part will come down will also be lower, making sure that in the initial years most of the EMIs goes towards ‘Interest’ and not ‘principal’.

Example of EMI payment

Lets say you take a HDC Home Loan of Rs 30 lacs for 20 yrs tenure, your EMI would be Rs 28,950/month. In the first EMI, the interest part would be Rs 25,000 and only Rs 3,950 will be the principal payment, which means out of total hdfc home loan of 30 lacs, only Rs 3,950 will be reduced in the first month and rest Rs 25,000 will go away in interest. Sounds disappointing? What is EMI disease ?

In the same way After 100 payments (8 yrs and 4 months), when you would be paying your 101st EMI of Rs 28,950, the interest part would still be as high as Rs 19,891 and the principal part would be Rs 9,060. Still disappointed? Now let’s fast forward towards the end, let’s take 200th payment. When you make your 200th EMI payment of Rs 28,950; this time your interest part would be very less at Rs 8,349 and principal would be Rs 20,601. So now, with all these examples I gave, you can see how interest part is very high in initial years. Let’s look at it from a different point now!

Just consider this- For the scenario above; If you keep paying your EMI’s for 2 yrs (24 payments), you will pay total of 6.94 lacs (24 x EMI) from your pocket, but your loan would just go down by 1.05 lacs! And your outstanding loan would be still 28.95 lacs. In the same way in 5 yrs even though you pay around 17.37 lacs (60 x EMI), your loan outstanding would be down by just 3.06 lacs and loan outstanding would be just Rs 26.94 lacs.

The chart below shows the breakup of interest and principal payment for each year for a 30 lacs loan for 20 yrs tenure assuming interest @10%. So each bar is broken into two parts, where green bar represents Interest part and orange bar represents principal part. It is clearly visible that how interest forms a major part of overall EMI in initial years and only in the later years principal part becomes high.

Loan Amortization calculation

Here is the actual breakup of the EMI in numbers

Loan Amortization

Pre-payment of long tenure loan

A lot of investors opt for 15-20 yrs loan thinking that they will pre-pay the loan in next 4-6 yrs itself because of their salaries will rise or for some other reasons. In these cases, for the initial years they keep paying loan interest only and not a lot towards principal. When they prepay the loan, they end up paying a little lesser amount then original loan amount. Example, if you take a loan of 30 lacs for 20 yrs tenure at 10% p.a. and prepay the loan in 5 yrs itself, you will still end up paying 27 lacs as loan outstanding, even though you have already paid 17 lacs in EMI in last 5 yrs, Pre-payment penalty would be extra! But the positive side is that there might be a good appreciation in the house value itself.

So if you are taking loan for longer duration thinking that you would pre-pay the loan very soon, you need to rethink! This makes sense, once the worth of your house has gone up and there is a decent profit. A better option which I can think of is to pre-pay in small chunks each year along with your EMI’s from the start of the loan payment. It would make sure that you principal goes down in big chunks each month.

If you take short term loans, because of the shorter duration, the bigger chunk of the EMI is actually principal part, hence you can look forward to pre-pay the loan incase you wish to.

Free Calculators for Loan Amortization

I have created and found out some loan amortization calculators which you can use for calculating your EMI’s and its breakup into principal and interest for each month.


By now you must have got a clear understanding on loan amotization and how home loan EMI is broken into principle and interest component. Note that the asssumption for this article was that the loan is on “Monthly Reducing Balance”

Are you sharing agents commission ? Its Illegal

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

“Discount kitna doge ! Mishra ji mujhe 35% de rahe hain ” , as per Rakesh ,this is exactly how a lot of customers ask their agents commission to be shared with them in Insurance or Mutual funds. Have you ever asked your agent how much discount he can give you on the premium? This happens a lot with LIC agents and other insurance and mutual fund agents. Many times, even agents offer discount or some gift in return, if you buy the policy or mutual funds through them. This practice is illegal and totally against the laws of Insurance Act and SEBI. The agent can even face cancellation of his license if he is found to share his commission. (Read about agents commission in Insurance)

Insurance, mutual funds Commission passback to customers by agents is illegal

It kinda works like this. Suppose, an Insurance agent sells you a policy with a sum assured of Rs. 10 lacs, with a  premium of about Rs. 50,000/- per year. An agent will make around 15,000 in commission for that year, out of which he might offer you a discount of Rs 5,000-10,000 for the first year or he offers you some gift! A lot of insurance agents do this to make sure they do not lose the business or get more and more business . In the same manner, if you have Rs. 30 lacs invested in mutual funds, your agent will get around Rs 10,000/- in trail commissions. It might happen that he can offer you 50% of that commission to make sure you stay with him .

Why you should stop asking share in Agents commission ?

Mutual funds : As per SEBI mandate,  sharing the commissions received from AMC  is illegal and should be avoided . Pass-backs, the practice of sharing a part of the distributors’ commission with the investor, have been made illegal under the code of conduct issued to distributors. “Intermediaries will not rebate commissions back to investors and avoid attracting clients through temptations of rebate/gifts etc” – As per a SEBI circular.

If a mutual fund agent shares his commission with others, it opens a big hole, not just for mis-selling, but also dilutes the whole industry atmosphere. There have been rampant cases, when an agent asks customers to leave their current agent and transfer their funds with them as a new agent (link) and they are ready to transfer a part of agent commission to them (the customers). For example, if a person has Rs 30 lacs invested in a mutual funds, an agent would get around Rs. 10,000/- as trail commission in a particular year. A lot of agents offer 5,000 (50%) back to the customers to attract them. A lot of agents pass back a part of commission and customers get into wrong & ill-suited mutual funds because of their greed!

Insurance : Other than the fact, that it’s illegal, you should not encourage or engage in sharing the agent commissions because, for one thing, it hampers your relationship with agent. Don’t forget that your agent will be the one to help in claim settlement when you are dead. If you snatch his share of commission today, it might leave him with a bitter taste in the mouth and not result in a healthy relationship. So please live and let live! The other important reason, you should avoid asking for agents commissions, is that it leads to mis-selling. If you ask for a share in commission, it will leave agents with less earnings and that would encourage them to sell more by any means, which in turn fuels mis-selling. So in a way the whole “asking commissions back” will hamper investors in the long run. What you sow is what you reap!

As per section 41 of the Insurance Act, “No person shall allow or offer to allow, either directly or indirectly, as an inducement to any person to  take out or renew or continue an insurance in respect of any kind of risk relating to lives or property in India, any rebate of the whole or part of the commission payable or any rebate of the premium shown on the policy, nor shall any person taking out OR renewing  or continuing a policy accept any rebate, except such rebate as may be allowed in accordance with the published prospectuses or tables of the insurer.”

Real Life experience

As per Dhawal Sharma, a Delhi based agent shares his experience

I face this problem day in and day out and many a times have to miss out on prospective clients because they want “passback of commission“. This practice (Sorry to say, but started by LIC agents) is so much part of the Insurance selling culture that 99.9% of the public thinks that it is obligatory on the part of an agent to part with his commission. But even LIC agents were quite smart at that time as they use to pass back comission mostly on ENDOWMENT or MONEYBACK policies which generate hefty renewal commissions as well (Unlike ULIP) and reversely, would be of little or practically no use to the client in the long term. This practice is actually pound foolish , penny wise approach..

I know at least 100 people, regularly buying insurance for their entire family (father , mother, brother,uncle, aunty) for last so many years from SHARMA JI or OFFICE WALE CLERK who passback 20% commission, and if we make a thorough study of their Insurance portfolio, they are underinsured (No term plan), not properly equipped to handle retirement (their agent never knew that annuity fund is tax exempt only upto 1/3 amount), and no proper child planning (In many cases, child plans where child is life insurand and not father).

 

Violation of law using Multi-level marketing in Insurance Policies

For some years now, a new way of selling is evolving. It’s called MLM. Here a big agent sells a policy to some one and makes him a customer. Now, this customer also acts like an agent and starts adding new people in the network and sells them policies. This goes on to many levels, a person earns a part of commissions earned from every person under his personal network. This whole idea of multi-chain selling violates Insurance law and is illegal.

As per Section 41 of the Insurance Act, “A licensed agent, whether individual or corporate, can’t appoint a sub-agent and pass on a commission to another person or entity. Any passing of commission by an agent is construed as rebating and is prohibited under the Act.”

There are many companies operating in different part of our country like TLC Insurance (India) in Bangalore, RMP Infotec in Chennai, Golden Trust Financial Services in Kolkata and SecureLIFE out of New Delhi (read more here and  here)

Responsible Investor = Health Industry

We as buyers, shape this whole industry based on how we act. Over the years, we expected and asked for share in agents commissions, without realising that it will one day work against us resulting in misselling. So please do not support it! A couple of hundreds or thousands is not going to make you rich or poor, but it sure dilutes the whole environment!

Have you ever experienced a situation where agent has tried to give back his commission? Do you think if everyone stops asking for any agents commission back, it can really have any impact?