Tag: Beginner Investors

Key to Excellent Financial Planning is Early Investing

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Today’s article is my favorite, Today we will see that what is the biggest secret of Generating Long term Wealth.

Most of the people run after choosing great Mutual fund and choosing right policy, but they do not understand the most important element of Investment Planning, which is Early Investing.

In this article we will discuss how important is Early Investing, We will see that what you contribute early in your Life is what matters the most.

early investing

I did some Excel calculations and found out some important Rules you should remember. All the Examples in this articles assumes 12% or 15% CAGR annual return over long term (30+ yrs). Lets see some Important Ideas you should keep in Mind.

If you are reading this article in Email, you wont see important charts and graphs, make sure you visit the blog for this particular post. thanks

The amount you invest does not increase drastically when you cut your Tenure by huge Margin.

What I mean to say here is that if you have a goal of generating a fixed amount at the end of a long period like 30 yrs and If there are two cases

  • Case 1 : You invest amount A per month for 10 yrs and then let it grow for next 20 yrs .
  • Case 2 : You invest amount B per month for all 30 years .

In this case amount A will be too big compared to amount B. It would definitely be more, not by great extent. Lets take an example. If you want to generate a corpus of 2 crores in 30 yrs and you assume a return of 12% annually.

You need to invest Rs.5666 per month to achieve this target if you can invest for whole 30 yrs. But what if you want to invest only for 20 yrs or 15 yrs? In that case how much money you need to invest per month?

The answer is Rs.6065 (20 yrs) and Rs.6611 (15 yrs). So you can see that the monthly contribution required to meet the same goal does not increase drastically even if you reduce the tenure by 10 or 15 yrs. See the chart below (Click to Enlarge)

The Tenure and amount required are :

30 yrs : 5666
25 yrs : 5801
20 yrs : 6065
15 yrs : 6611
10 yrs : 7903

In the above chart you can see how “Monthly Contribution Required” increase at very small amount if you want to save the investing years later in your Life . Download this Monthly Contribution Calculator to calculate how much you need to invest monthly for your Financial Goals.

Even if you cut your Contribution at the end of the Tenure, It wont affect the final Corpus Drastically.

What this means is that If you want to invest for long term and in case you are not able to invest for many years at the end, the final amount generated will not be drastically less .. The difference will not be worth a concern.

Lets see an example, If you want to invest Rs.4000 per month for next 30 yrs (retirement amount, see 6 steps of Retirement Planning) and you assume 15% annual CAGR return, you would be able to generate a corpus would be 2.8 crores, But in case you just invest for 20 yrs and don’t invest for rest 10 yrs, in that case your corpus will still be 2.69 crores, 96% of the original amount.

If you invest for 10 yrs and don’t do anything for 20 yrs, still you will be left with 2.19 crores. You can see that how your corpus is not getting affected a lot because of laziness in investing.

If you are successful in early investing, your 90% job is done, even if you are not able to invest money in later years, your final amount will not be affected a lot.

See the chart Below (Click to Enlarge). See this Video to understand the CAGR or Annuity Calculation, Or see this Article if you are on Slow Bandwidth.


If you see the chart above, you can clearly see that in the first 15 yrs, the total corpus at the end does not decrease with great rate. Its more than 2 crores even if you miss 22 yrs (thats more than 70% of total tenure).

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Investments Done in Initial years are the main chunk of your Final Corpus

What this means is that what you in the start has major chunk in your final corpus , the money you invest at the end generally has no major contribution because the money compounding has done its work on the money you invested in the start , not end .

See the chart below . .

The time frame of this example is 30 yrs investment with assumption of 12% annual CAGR return. You can see two kind of lines here. Blue Line shows contribution of a particular year in the final corpus and Red line shows cumulative share of years till then in the final corpus.

If you see the chart and concentrate on 6th yr, you will realize that what ever you invested till 6th yrs contributes to 52% share of your Final corpus which means that if you stop at 6th year, you will still be able to make 52% of original amount.


You can also see that last 12 yrs contribution helps in 10% of final corpus, this we saw in the first chart itself.

So at the end, lets see some numerical facts which will help us understand power of early investing.

  • “Investing 1500 per month for 10 yrs and letting it grow for next 20 yrs” will generate more than “Investing 1000 per month for 30 yrs” @12% return.
  • “If your Original time frame was 30 yrs and later you want to cut your Tenure by 50% , you corpus will decrease just by 14%” @12% return .
  • A : “Investing 5000 per month for 30 yrs” B : “Investing 6,000 per month for 15 yrs and do nothing for next 15 yrs” C : “Investing 11,000 per month for just 5 yrs and do nothing for next 25 yrs” Here, C will make 1.95 crores.

If you are a young person below 25 and you have 35 yrs in your hand and want to make 5 crores, If you start right now, you will have to invest just Rs.3,400 per month, But if you are later by 10 yrs, then you will have to invest more than 15,000 per month to achieve same target.

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Conclusion

Start Early, The secret of Sound Financial Planning is Early Investing, not making excellent return or choosing great funds or buying multibagger stocks. If you can take little pain and invest more money now, then better do it, It will save you from lot of trouble later.

Please spend a minute to take these polls

Please put your comment and let me know how was the article and if you liked it? What do you think that early investing is not the most important element of Investment planning, if not, what other thing do you think is the Key 🙂

Why is Decision Making so Hard in Financial world?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

“Secret of Happiness is low expectations” In this article we will discuss why it is so hard for us to make financial decisions and what factors play role in delaying our decisions?

When we have to make a decision, there are lot of choices offered to us, which makes our life difficult and hence it results in delayed decision. We will see how can we change our thinking and help ourselves to make our decision making a smoother and better process.

We will also have a look at some examples which will make reading this article better for you.

What makes Decision Making Hard?

The top most reason why we are unable to answer decision making questions is having Lots of Choices. As per Barry Schwartz in his excellent talk


When we want to choose a particular product from a group of products, it’s hard to decide because of more choices that we are exposed to. More choices means more data to process and more data to process means less chances of finding the best product that is suitable for our needs.

What is the reason Behind it?

As per Decision Theory: We want to make the best and accurate decision given a lot of choices, because we don’t want to be guilty later when we find that we missed out on the best choice. This is called “Opportunity Cost”. We don’t want to blame ourselves for not picking up the best choice. We often try to avoid that regret which can arise later because of the outcome.

The point to note here is that many a times, just because of the comparison we make, the satisfaction level goes down even though the results are good. Haven’t you felt bad when you saw giving 15% return and others gave an average of 23-24%. But you didn’t ever appreciate the fact that 15% in a year is a good return and you should be happy about it.

Next time while choosing the fund to invest in, you make sure that you buy something which is among the top performers. Watch this Video on how to choose a good mutual fund

Example

One of the example is my close friend Chetan Chouhan from Pune. I advised him Sundaram Tax and SBI magnum Tax saver as tax saver funds in early May 2009 he shouted on me after seeing my post on Best Mutual Funds for year 2009, because of the “Opportunity Cost”.

He wanted the “best” fund and now compares the list with what he has currently. He should appreciate that what he has is a good fund and can fulfill his requirement… One should try to get the best fund and maximize his returns but if you give your mind and soul for it .. its just not worth it.

What exactly is the Confusion now a days:

  • Which is the best mutual fund at this moment?
  • Which is the right ULIP policy for my Child?
  • Which Bank will provide me best Home Loan that suits me?
  • Which Bank has the best FD rates for my profile?
  • Which Term Insurance is best?
  • Which Shares should I invest in so that I get maximum return?

Check this ebook if you are new to Stock Market

Some Statistics of Indian Financial World:

  • 3800 Mutual funds in India (Approx Data as on 31st July 2009): Source
  • 36 Different Mutual Funds AMC in India: Source
  • 86 Banks in India (Public , Private and Co-operatives, Small , Big): Source
  • 22 Life Insurance and 21 Non-Life Insurance Companies (most of them are common to both Category): Source
  • 1319 companies registered in NSE [Source] and more than 10,000 Companies listed with BSE
  • There are 100’s of Insurance Policies and ULIPs from Different Insurance Providers
  • 293 Insurance Brokers: Source
  • 59 Commodities for Future Trading on MCX: Source

A Different World!!

Now with so many choices and lucrative offers, it’s too hard for us to choose the best one. Even in my list of Best Equity Funds, you will find it very difficult to choose 1 or 2 funds to invest in. But I gave you just 2 funds and asked you to choose 1 fund. It would be so easy for you because less the choices higher the chances that your choice will be a good one.

Just Imagine a world where there were 2 Term Insurance products, 3 ULIPS, 5 type of Mutual funds and 3 Banks providing Home Loans. What a wonderful world it would have been! I am sure everybody would have a desire of that kind of Environment.

Then we will have very less information to process and there will be less changes of Regret and high chances of Satisfaction.

Do we delay our decisions?

Ask yourself…

  1. Are you not delaying your Investments just because you are not able to figure out which is the best Mututal funds or ULIP?
  2. Are you not trying to find the least rate of interest for your Home loan so that you don’t regret later that you didn’t get the best deal?
  3. Don’t you want to stop your existing mutual funds because now there are other funds who are top ranked and more talked about on television and magazines, even though your Fund returns are very good and it has potential to achieve your goals?
  4. Are you not confused on which stock will move higher and may be don’t invest at all?

There are so many websites, newspapers, blogs out there giving reviews, recommendations about products that a common person’s mindset is now totally confused because of all this. In case you really think you want take your decisions, you should consider Hiring a financial planner?

Is common person really confused or Am I talking Nonsense?

At the time of writing this post at 1:30 in morning… Here are the poll results with 97 votes which I conducted over last 3-4 days and here are the results. 72% people think that “Having lot of Choices in Mutual funds and Insurance Policies does not make “decision making” easier?

In case you are one of the person who voted for YES or NO please leave your comment and let every one know what was the reason for your Vote.


What is the Solution for this Problem?

How to made a decision making process an easy process? It can be to some extent solved using these ideas.

Change your Focus

By this I mean that we are here for achieving our financial goals comfortably, without compromising our family future and smoothly without much tension. That’s the real goal of Financial planning. Once your mindset is set like this, you will automatically not run behind the “best” funds.

What you will try to do is to find out a good product which suits you, just stick to it.

Filter out the Bad policies

Choosing the best product is not an easy task and not worth too. The easy thing would be to filter out the bad products which is easy to do! So in mutual funds you already get rankings and lists of top 10 or top 5 funds or Best policies from ULIPs or good Home loan from a Bank.

I would say they are worth a look and finally you should decide soon enough on one of them but for this you must have shifted your focus from choosing “best” product to “a suitable” product. People who want to Buy good mutual funds for long term can Choose any one of mutual funds listed in my article on Best Equity funds for year 2009.

Think Less and concentrate more on Fundamentals

There are more Important things than Best timing and Best product which you have to concentrate on. One of them is Consistency in your Investing and your Plan, your Asset allocation, your Diversification. Once you concentrate on this and forget all other materialistic things, it would be a more peaceful activity to manage your Finances.

Conclusion

So we can say finally that it was never like this before. Now a days we have too many things to choose for which has made like worse than even. Hundreds of products do exactly same thing but they all claims to be better than another. We have to narrow down our choices and choose any one of them and not try to hunt for that exactly best product for our self.

Readers, please share your experience of being in a situation where you had to think a lot before making a decision or had to delay your decision. What are your suggestions on this problem? Please post comment.

How much Risk you should Take ?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Are you a High Risk taker? In this post we will talk about risk-taking in your Investments, be it share investing or mutual funds investing or just any kind of investing. Taking low risk can be equally disastrous as taking high risk. So in this article we will discuss how much risk you must take as an investor.

Financial Goals vs Risk you take

Firstly, we have to understand what is Risk-appetite? As retail investors we don’t understand the important issues attached with risk-taking.  We blindly invest in any investment product without considering if it suits our risk- appetite or not!

We have financial goals which we want to achieve in a defined time life “Buying a Rs 5 lac car in next 4 yrs” OR “Generate 20 lacs for my daughter education in next 15 yrs” and we figure out how much we should invest every month or year to meet our goals.

Depending on our Greed or Fear, we choose the products to invest in. Some choose Mutual funds, some choose Shares directly where as others may choose PPF or Bank Fixed deposits (Read how to find out Best Fixed Deposit for you). So it may happen that we may take risk which does not suit us.

This risk can either be over-risk or under-risk. Both are equally bad for us. You should read How Equity and Debt provides returns.

Problem with Over-Risk

Taking Risk that is much more than we can afford or take may lead to a situation where we are unable to meet our financial objective. This is a very bad situation. We in hope of getting better than “required” returns take unnecessary risks and increase our chances to meet failure.

Failure is okay but you should be ready for it. Taking higher than “required risk” can lead to this kind of situation. These issues happen because most of the times investors forget the first step of Financial Planning.

Example

Ajay wants to generate 5 lacs in 5 yrs for his Daughter Education. He can invest around Rs 6,000 per month (See this video presentation to understand how its calculated). To meet his goal he needs to get around 12% return annually. There are different ways of achieving this like

But what if he decides to invest his money in Sectoral Funds like Real Estate or Infrastructure or invests directly in Stocks without much idea of how things work?

This can either make him Much more than 5 lacs, may be 10 or 15 lacs OR it can be disastrous and he can lose his money and may not be able to generate even 3-4 lacs depending on the circumstances. Now this goal was something very important. He can not take risk for his daughter Education.

If it were a car or a vacation goal, I would have said “ok – go ahead”. But Education is a Need of life. He has to understand Difference between Needs and Wants . He has to understand where to take more risk and where to take less.

Problem with Under-Risk

Just like Over-risk, taking less risk has its own issues. Most of the people who invest in Endowment Plans or Bank FD for years suffer from this virus. If you take very low risk, you may not be able to achieve your goals at the first place. Read Why Endowment plans are bad to invest in.

Example

Robert wants to generate Rs 1 Crore for his retirement. He has 30 yrs and He can invest around Rs 2,000 for this in Mutual funds with SIP and this should be possible with Patience. He can take moderate risk but he thinks that equity markets are too risky and its something he should be away from.

He is a fan for Endowment plans and traditional Bank Deposits so he invests in these two instruments. He generates Rs 15 lacs from his Fixed deposits (before tax) and Rs 13-14 Lacs from Endowments plan with his 1,000 investments in each of them.

So at the end he has total of less than 30 lacs as Retirement Corpus. He has 30% of what he needs at the end. What are the issues here? He has to Compromise with the life Style and he cant enjoy his Post-work life as he wanted because of severe financial pressure. Because of fear and reluctance of taking “required” risk he has done un-repairable damage to his financial life.


Conclusion

Its very important to take the investments with our risk-capacity taking high risk can lead to situation when our returns are less than expected. Because of greed we sometimes take extra risk and only concentrate on the rosy picture and forget the part which looks bad. Its an Irony but most of the people think that somehow there are less chances of bad things happening to them.

The same way, taking too low risk can lead to under performance in returns and hence after you factor in Inflation and taxes you may be in a financially fatal situation you might have lost all your life believing that you are gaining (like in the example above).

Hence, you must take risk which is required for meeting your financial goals and also which you can take if things go wrong. Taking Over-risk is same as taking Low-risk. The best way to find if a Product Suits your Needs or Not is to Find the GFactor of that Financial Product.

Q. What do you think about “Required Risk” How should an investor estimate how much risk one should take?

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Can you save 10% of your salary every month?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Answer this question Honestly. Don’t rush, think about it and then answer this very important question. If you get salary cut of 10% and you have to live with 90% of your salary; how will it affect you? In this article we will see some important insights on spending habit and psychological issues.

Most of the people do not save anything at the end of the month and the biggest reason is that they are not left with anything (as they say). “Supply creates its own demand”.

save money

This applies to Personal spending also. When we have money in our hand we will come up with million reasons as to why we have expenses and why we can’t do with any money less than that.

Answer these questions:

If you get a salary cut by 10%, will you be able to

– Pay your Rent
– Meet all the household expenses
– Pay your children fees
– Spend on all the important things like Entertainment, eating out, occasional
splurging etc etc….

I can bet that most of you will have answer in YES!!

If people control and prioritize their spending then it’s totally possible to live in 90% of salary. Just close your eyes and imagine a situation that you are now earning just 90% of your regular salary. Small savings can make up large chunk of investments.

If you try to answer the above questions then the answer would be a YES for almost all of you. There can be some exceptions but i am talking about majority.

For some people they may require cutting down on totally useless stuff and reducing expenses on things which can/should be avoided. Some of the examples are

  • If you see go out 5-6 times a month, reduce it to 3-4
  • If you see 5 movies a month, reduce it to 4
  • Anything where you can do with less spending

Does saving 10% means that you start living a Frugal life?

Please understand that saving money does not mean depriving yourself. The only thing I’m saying is that we Indians especially in Metro cities have slowly started going the American Way, i.e. Spending more than what we earn. From last couple of years, we are using to much of credit cards in the way we shouldn’t be!

We are a nation which saves but do not invest properly and now we Indians have started spending like never before. Spending is good, spending on useless stuff or stuff we can do without can be like cancer. It will not hurt you immediately, but kill you some day.

Now after you have realized that we can really live with 90% of our salary, what can we do with it. SAVE IT!! what else?

I believe (and I can prove) that saving 10% of your salary is only what you need to do to achieve all your goals in Future, provided you Start Early and Have realistic goals.

A person who is 25 yrs old and earning 40,000 per month if saves 10% will his retirement(60 yrs) would be having anywhere from 2.3 crores to 6 crores if he earns anywhere from 12%-16% in long term which is totally acceptable. See how to calculate this in this video.

What to do?

Next time you get your salary, take 10% out of it and deposit it in some other bank account. Just try to see if you can do with 90% of your salary. I bet you can do it. Saving 10% of your salary can have drastic effect on your investments. You can create nice wealth using Equity in long term.

One of the readers Ramjee comment is worth notice. Please see his comment.

That was on the bulls eye. A little bit of decrease will not effect lifestyle much, but has a lasting impact on your wealth. I have an automated schedule put to transfer 15% of my salary (a fixed amount every month, which is revised if sal.changes) to another account. At end of 6 months it feels good to see the lump sum which can go in for further investments. “

What he did is worth appreciation. I hope people learn from him.

Conclusion

We don’t save because we think we can’t save. Whereas if you try its totally possible. Just to try do this next month. When you get your salary, take 10% out of it and deposit it in some other account and try to live with 90% of your salary, see what all your are missing and if you are facing some difficulty or not.

To see more tips on savings and spending, you can refer to Ramit Sethi’s blog.

How needs and wants are different from each other?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

One of the important aspects of Financial planning is spending money wisely. Now, what does it mean when I say “Spending money Wisely”?

All the expenses & spending activity we do can be classified under two sub heads ‘Needs’ & ‘Wants’. Improper handling of money happens when you spend too much on your Wants and too less on your Needs.

The aim should be to spend/save money for your needs and then take care of your wants. Once you prioritize all your expenses/goals in these categories, planning your finances becomes easy!

needs and wants

What is the Difference between Need and Want?

Needs:

A need is something which is essential for you irrespective of the financial situation/conditions. These are the things you have to take care first and only then comes other things which you can do without.

Needs Example

    1. House Expenses
    2. Child Education
    3. Saving money for Retirement
    4. Medical Expenses
    5. School/College fees and expenses
    6. Family Vacations and outings (in limit)

Wants:

These are things which you wish to have but they are not above your Needs. For example a Car is a Want when compared to your Child Fees or Education saving. You can live your life without car but Child Education is Vital and cannot be compromised.

Some people’s Wants can be a Need for others and vice versa. It all depends on personal life style and attitude. But the main point here is that you have to differentiate between your Needs and Wants at short to medium term time frame and Long term view.

Wants Example

  1. Extra Vacation
  2. Expensive clothes above your normal requirement
  3. Expensive Car or any vehicle above your budget

Note: Understand the point that Wants are not something which you should avoid but your Needs can/should not be compromised because of your Wants.

Watch this video to know the difference between Needs and Wants:

Why is it Important these days?

These days almost everyone live their life in a unplanned manner especially their finances are Unplanned in a Big Way. People spend first and think later/late about it. But money spent once will not come back.

Once you prioritize things well and have a proper road map on your spending pattern you can take care of your Needs first and then move towards fulfilling your Wants.

Let us take a case Study

One of my friend spends his money in a pathetic manner. He earns around 30,000 per month and is already in job from last 2 yrs. He spends a lot with his friends on parties on weekend and buys branded shoes which he is very fond off. Great …!! He does not understand the value of what small savings can do.

Just before the year end he asked me how can he save the tax and wants to invest some money.

On further inquiry I come to know that his Parents are dependent on him (though he is not sending any money at this moment to his home). So he needs good amount of Insurance, he has no savings till now! Finally he is not left with any money to even pay insurance premium this year (2009), not invest any money in some mutual fund.

What is the point?

This person has spent his money on all the things he wants and nothing on his needs- which are essential. He has violated fundamental rule of Financial planning which will affect him very badly.

Once all your needs are taken care of and if you are left with surplus, I, myself would encourage you to spend your money on satisfying your Wants like no tomorrow!! But first comes important things- you can live without your Wants, but not without Needs.

Imagine you are going for Golf Games and you are not left with money that is enough to take your Family out sometime on vacations.