Common Mistakes in Personal Finance [Part 1]

Spending more than you should

Sometimes, people spend impulsively, on things which they do not really need. Just because, your plastic card is in your wallet and you “might” need it in future makes you believe that you need to get it right now. A brand new camera, with a 100 megapixel sensor and a 2000 x zoom is available at an EMI of just 1999 per month — and suddenly you’re interested in Photography! An EMI of 2500 a month, for that magical million colour, anorexic Flat Screen TV creates a magical belief in you that your normal TV at home is now really blurry these days (not to mention really fat!)

Is there a need, to splurge on Movies and eat out, every weekend? A regular meal at home, with a movie on tv is also a good weekend, at times. With many people, savings occur, only if they are left with any money at the end of the month. This needs to change – start saving first, then spend on what’s necessary and then spend on your desires – last. Financial planning does not mean compromising your dreams or what you love to splurge on; it’s all about knowing what you need and what you don’t, & knowing it well! . Read : Can you live with 90% of your Salary

No Financial Education to Spouse and Kids

Most people are more comfortable talking about SEX rather than FINANCE to kids (just kidding.) They dont feel the need to tell their children that they have bought life insurance for them (the kids) should they be hit by a bus tomorrow (the parents, not the kids 🙂 ). Once children reach an age of maturity like 16 or 17; when they can understand things & reason well and can take on responsibilities to some extent… Please start telling them about money and finances. Once you are gone, you can’t even regret.

Kids should know what your work is & how much you earn. They should be clear on how you are saving money to fund their education, bike , trips etc. Once they know about life t it, chances are they will be a lot more supportive, would be realistic in their demands & stay well within their limits. Kids don’t know sometimes, how much pain you take in earning money. Most of the times, kids know your salary and your designation at company and assume the family to be a “higher middle class” one. Once you tell them about Home loan EMI, Car Loan, other liabilities, Retirement SavingsEducation Expenses, Marriage expenses and the medical emergencies for which you are saving, they will have a better idea about the current situation and they will act responsibly.

Parents feel a little uncomfortable, telling their kids these things, as they feel children are still young and such information will create unneccessary psychological pressure and they would not talk about their demands and be unhappy. Parents feel that children should start learning about finance and applying that knowledge, once they are in a job and start earning. I say, if your finances and spending habits are messed up today, a big reason could be that, your parents never talked about finance with you openly. The same applies to spouses. Imagine, if you had all the knowledge and best practices you have learned on this blog, 10 years ago; or when you started earning? The situation would have been very different today, wouldn’t it?

Dont let this happen to your kids: Teach them!

Imbalanced Asset Allocation

A lot of people have a tendency to start working and then never look at, or review their finances. Tax Planning is nothing more, than a “signature” on some form for them. Initiatives from their side are limited to just calling an “agent” and nothing more. When they finally look back at their finances, they find that they have 40 Lacs in FD’s and 25  lacs lying in Bank. This happens a lot with NRI’s working outside the country. These are 35 yrs old who have 90% in debt or Cash, and 3-4 mutual funds and shares bought in recent years just for “trying”. This category misses a huge amount of returns which they could have made with just 4-5 hours of planning or hiring a proper investment consultant.

On the other hand, there are investors who have no PPF, no FD, no Debt Funds, no bonds; they just do share trading, buy direct stocks, invest in just Mutual funds (pure equity). Their imbalanced Asset allocation is responsible for the huge ups and downs their portfolio takes. One year the worth of their portfolio will be 10 lacs, the next year it will be 7, then suddenly it will be 14 lacs the next year. The numbers dance with huge fluctuations, but at the end of let’s say, a decade, they look back & find they are nowhere better than their “High debt Instrument” kind of Investor brothers .

Buying products from Close One’s

Will you sell a junk product to yourself if there’s a 35% commission and it will be a burden to you all your life ? I don’t think so, but if you had to sell it to your friend, colleague, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, father’s friend etc, you’d consider it, wouldn’t you? That’s what happens in real life too.

Most times, the “Best plan” comes from one of your relatives or some one known. STOP IT PLEASE! A simple NO might hurt your relations with said person, but it will save you, your hard-earned money, rather than waste it on idiotic products, which you’ll regret for life 🙂 It’s just common sense that there are better advisors and consultants than your relatives or a close ones, unless they themselves are known and respected in the field (of finance). Read : “Papa Kehte Hain” problem in Personal Finance

Most of the readers here, have shared their bitter personal experiences, where they bought products because it came from their relatives, Uncle’s et al. This happens a lot with young guys yet to start working, and their fathers have bought policies for them and then delegated the premium paying responsibility to them once they start earning, it’s a real “burden of legacy” .

Read Part 2 of Common Mistakes in Personal Finance

Comments please , Any other mistakes you can think of ?

Do not Invest just for Tax Saving

“Tax saving should be result of your Investment planning and not vice versa” . Understand this very well . For most of the people, saving tax is such a big thing , that they forget the primary rule of Financial Planning and concentrate all their energy into Tax Saving .

I see most of the people are trapped in idiotic products because of their obsession with Tax Saving . Most of the people today are invested in products which does not suit them, which they dont need, Which they do not understand .

All because of their idiotic decision of “Investing for Tax Saving !!”  .

tax saving joke

 

For some people the Products they buy for Tax savings are like This Pond , They are not sure what they will get from buying it , but they are happy about the fact that they are saving some money in Tax . Which is idiotic .

Typical Scenario

Most of the people dont do their Tax Planning in the start of the year . They just neglect The Tax Planning part. Somewhere at the end of the Year around Feb, They recieve a letter from their company that they need to submit their Documents for Tax savings so that they can avail the benefit of 80C and other Tax saving benefits like HRA , LTA ,  Medical Reimbursements , etc .

Even then they dont budge and most of the people wait till the deadline date to come very near .

Then finally comes the deadline date and now “Giving The proofs of Investment” is much more important than “Making Sensible Financial Decisions” . Its too late to Plan for things . ULIP agents , Insurance agents and Mutual funds agents are ready to take the charge and they will brain wash you with all their nice words , They themselves dont understand the product a lot of times .

You have no choice but to invest so that you save tax now . You cant even imagine a scenario where you dont invest your money and pay the tax . It feels like the most idiotic Decision ever . Which I feel can be a good decision sometimes .

Top Reasons for Investing

Below is a small diagram which tries to show how what are the biggest reasons people invest their money . Please Note that this is based on my understand and experience with so many investors over the years . And this is what I feel depicts the scenario closest to actual .
Investing Pattern for Tax Saving in India

Problems arising Due to This

  1. The worst Sufferers are those who invest in LIC and other companies Endowment Polices and Money Back Polices  for the primary reason of Tax Savings. These people do not think that even though they are saving tax for this particular year , they are actually getting into commitment for next 15-20 yrs (or Policy Tenure) and Have no Idea how its going to meet their Future Goals . Read a Review on LIC Jeevan Tarang Policy .
  2. Similar problem is with people who take ULIP’s . They Invest for a year to save tax and then next year they have no idea if they would be able to even afford it or not !! . This happens with mostly new joinees in Companies .They have no idea what to ask their ULIP agent at the time of Buying the product .
  3. Next is “Liquidity Problem” . Most of the people do not think about the lock in period and do not take into consideration their Liquidity Requirement for coming Years . They Invest in ELSS and then next year they need money . They Invest in Tax Saving FD’s and then cry for any Expenses which were very obvious to arise down the line .

What we must Learn

Tax Saving is just a benefit provided when you Invest your Money, dont make it as a Primary objective to Invest. What you have to concentrate on is your Investment Planning , and after you have to restructure your Investment planning in such a way so that you also get Tax Benefits from them.

Investment Planning First and Tax planning second .If you are not able to save tax , its fine , Pay taxes . Its always better to avoid getting into messy products which dont suit you and suck your blood out . Tax Planning is Important, But the more Important things is that you don’t get to obsessive about it and do it only if its needed.

Its not a big deal to save tax at the cost of your Finances future . See an article on Gfactor , a decision making tool for Financial Products

I can relate this with “Not using Protection during Sex” and then suffering for a long time because of that small mistake .  This is exactly True with all people who dont not need Crappy Insurance and then one single mistake, Investing in it for Tax saving and then every year , Suffer with it, Paying a huge premium for the Small Insurance not sufficient for you and for the Maturity Amount which is not at all exciting .

Make sure that you invest in some product only if matches these 4 criteria .

So are you one of them who tax Tax saving with High Priority ? Have you invested for Tax saving as primary reasons ? Share with us . We can talk about it and make sure that it does not happen again . Post your Views on this ..

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Search within You ..

I was watching a seminar video on my laptop today which was a trading seminar conducted in US, the speaker was an American.

In the middle of the seminar he presented a small story which was from Hindu Mythology which made me feel good, I am putting it here word by word after finding it from net (so that I don’t have to type all myself).

search within you

There was once a time when all human beings were gods, but they so abused their divinity that Brahma, the chief god, decided to take it away from them and hide it where it could never be found.
Where to hide their divinity was the question.

So Brahma called a council of the gods to help him decide. “Let’s bury it deep in the earth,” said the gods. But Brahma answered, “No, that will not do because humans will dig into the earth and find it.”

Then the gods said, “Let’s sink it in the deepest ocean.” But Brahma said, “No, not there, for they will learn to dive into the ocean and will find it.” Then the gods said, “Let’s take it to the top of the highest mountain and hide it there.” But once again Brahma replied, “No, that will not do either, because they will eventually climb every mountain and once again take up their divinity.”

Then the gods gave up and said, “We do not know where to hide it, because it seems that there is no place on earth or in the sea that human beings will not eventually reach.”

Brahma thought for a long time and then said, “Here is what we will do. We will hide their divinity deep in the center of their own being, for humans will never think to look for it there.”

All the gods agreed that this was the perfect hiding place, and the deed was done. And since that time humans have been going up and down the earth, digging, diving, climbing, and exploring–searching for something already within themselves.

What does this teach us?

In life we have all the power to achieve something we want, we cant get help from some one, we can get tools, we can get support or for that matter any damn thing, but what is needed for success lies with us only, So don’t hunt for things outside, first know yourself.

“Its only you who can change things.”

How do I relate this to Investing and Money Management?

Whatever it takes to grow your money, do better investments or take informed decisions, Its within you, you just need to explore it, You can read stuff on this blog or anywhere else, but the real wisdom lies within you, you have to work hard on it.

I know nothing spacial or advanced things, I know things which any one can learn, The only difference can be my willingness to learn and make the difference and confidence. You can do it to. Just make sure you have the fire to learn and see within you and have confidence.

Just like a good cook doesn’t need great ingredients to make good food, he can make great things out of simple and basic stuff, the same way, we don’t need fancy products for our investments, Even if we have basic products we can utilize them well and create wonders, Only the knowledge and willing to do is required. Its within you, search for it ..

Please leave your comments on the blog, on your view and whether you liked the articles or not. That way I can know atleast that people like my articles or not.

A conversation with friend on avoiding financial responsibility

In this article I’m going to tell my conversation with one of my friend about investment and different investment tools. We have discussed on both advance and traditional investment tools.

Read this chat conversation with one of my old classmate in Graduation.

Avoiding responsibility

“Manish : So where are you going to invest you money this year?

XYZ : May be PPF or Bank FD

Manish : But do you think they would give you good returns? also they would be locked for a long time, don’t you need that money in near future?

XYZ : Not exactly!, actually I can leave that money invested for more than 5 yrs, or may be 7-8 yrs too ..

XYZ : also, But I would like to invest some money in mutual funds … around 20k, May be I need some money to send to my brother for his MBA coaching ….

Manish : hmm.. But I think you should do exactly reverse. Invest this 20k in FD and Rest money in Mutual funds + PPF or only mutual funds.

XYZ : No no, I cant !! I have already lost 50% in mutual funds this time, I cant take risk now, I am fine with less return but a secure one …

Manish : hmm… I told you don’t put all money in lump sum. You never heard !!

XYZ : I invested because I trusted you, I thought you know more than me, but it fell so much … you gave wrong advice at wrong time.

Manish : Don’t you think it was your desire for high returns which made this happen? Equity are risky? I told you this too !!

XYZ : Whatever …

Manish : ok .. np … Consider what I said … good night … 🙂

XYZ : Good night

What is the problem of these people?

First they need high returns, then they cant wait for long term to get that kind of return. They just hear that equity are risky but don’t believe it, they will make you feel that you are responsible for the crash. They just don’t take responsibility for what they did !!

What I actually told her?

I told her that its OK to invest at these high levels but don’t invest in Tax saving mutual funds as they will be locked for 3 years, also invest less and that too through SIP (What is SIP?), so that it can eat up the volatility and insure less losses if things go wrong.

But the only things on her mind was:

  • It will save her tax
  • Will give superb returns like it did during 2002-2007 (these are the people who don’t read “Equity investments are risky and passed performance is not guarantee for future performance”)
  • If she does SIP and markets goes up and up, she will be buying less units.

This is a classic example of “Overestimating Returns and Underestimating Risk”

How should you do your tax planning for the year?

First thing, if you have not done your tax savings yet, its a bad thing. It should be done at the start of the year itself, at least planned.

If you need money for short term goal, don’t invest in Shares or mutual funds !! Put it in some assured investment instruments like FD.

“Return of investment” is more important than “Returns from investments”.

If you have money which you can invest for long term, invest in Shares or Mutual funds (but only for long term). As per your risk taking capability choose combination of Debt and Equity and invest for the long term …

Why Equity?

Do you know that most of the stocks have beaten down so much that they have come down below than the price they deserve, There value has exceeded there price (Read about Value Vs Price).

Unitech : One of the largest and most respected Real Estate companies has fallen down to levels which are unimaginable !! from 532 to 40-50.

Tata Motors : Nano will be manufactured in some months, every thing looks so good, but people just sold it because of Singur tension (It was fine to sell it , but now its oversold).

There are countless examples like this in current market. Things will go fine, but with patience.

Cost of Ignorance and it’s consequences on financial life with some real life experiences

There are two kind of losses

1. Loss of money because of wrong decisions
2. Loss of potential profit because of lack of knowledge or having wrong information (I like to call it loss)

cost of ignorance

I personally feel and realized most of the losses happen to people because of the second point. Today after so much of progress, India Personal Finances still has some very immature characteristics. Indians have one of the highest saving rates in World, but we fail to invest our hard money in the best way.

What happened because of lack of knowledge

– Every insurance agent told that insurance is important, but not the best product for a person which suits him/her. They made Insurance policy synonymous with an Investment product to our average Indian. They packaged those Money back and Endowment policies as must have products for any married person with family.

– People love numbers, they love to get back 30 lacs back by investing just 10 lacs in a 20 years. They were never told about inflation, about decreasing purchasing power of money. Hence they can figure out that 30 lacs after 20 years is less than today’s 10 lacs, so actually they are getting cheated (yes, i like to call that cheated)

– Ask people what is an ETF, FMP, STP or REMF? Its like asking people what is LIC in 1957-58 or asking some one what is Mutual funds in early 90’s. These are important financial products of future, but people are not able to get benefited because of no knowledge.

– People who invest for long term (5-10+ years) still invest in FD’s and bonds, I don’t say that its wrong, but they do it because they don’t know that equity is best for long term, they know there is risk but don’t know that it almost no risk if they are investing in Equity for 10+ years.

When it comes to personal finance, people are almost clue less … Every one wants high returns but without any risk of loss. Everyone has heard about mutual funds giving 40-50% CAGR in 2005-06-07, but not even few know how what role did there excellent management and stock picks played to generate those returns.

Let me tell you what happens when you don’t know a lot of things.

See some of Real life examples :

Example 1 –

One of my classmate has taken ULIP, she pays 25000 per year as premium … She didn’t knew that there are high allocation charges of 18-20% in initial years… She didn’t knew that she can switch her investments in other safe options in ULIP if markets are down …

On the top of that she is given an Insurance of 1.25 lacs (i am not sure how it helps with her insurance needs) …

Example 2 –

One of my friend took LIC policy and pays 60000 per Annam as premium, he heard that it will save him tax … he did a great job in choosing the policy, returns are good … Insurance is fine .. but when asked if he has any financial dependents, he was clueless… I am not sure why the hell he took insurance at all then …

Example 3 –

One of my friend had put 100% of his investments (around 1.4 lacs) in Equity (80% shares and rest in mutual funds in early 2007 … when i asked on what basis he has invested all his money in Equity .. he said he needed good returns because this money will be used for his brother education in another 2 yrs …

I told him that they are risky and more than his risk appetite … he ignored it, saying that his money is almost grown by 70% already and gave him decent returns which he expected …. then came Jan 2008 crash and now his total investments are worth 80,000-90,000, he had invested in small -cap companies which gives nightmares to even great investment guru’s …

Example 4 –

Lot of my friends have invested in Mutual funds in lump sum in Dec 2007 or Jan 2008 and didn’t take SIP instead of my telling them several time that SIP is the the systematic approach and will bring down there average cost … and returns in volatile markets …

All of them have 30-40% loss at the moment, but all those who invested through SIP have loss of around 10-12% only … .

Example 5 –

I know many who earn good money, have good risk appetite and long term financial goals to meet … but they invest in what? NSC and Money back policy of insurance schemes … Any one who is out of his/her mind and is totally insane will invest in NSC or KVP in today time …

They take money back Insurance policy of 3 lacs or 5 lacs for 25 yrs or 30 yrs … I wonder how will that 5 lacs help them in 2035 when average monthly expenses of a medium class family will be around 1 lacs/month … they pay hefty premium of 30k, 40k or 50k in today’s time to get back the kind of money back after 30 yrs which will just pay there 1 yrs expenses …

They do it because they cant see not getting money at the end if they survive for all the money they have paid … they stay away from Term insurance because they don’t get any thing in the last .. So what if for 20 lacs insurance for 25 yrs they just have to pay 4200 total every year … they don’t get anything at last .. so better not to take term insurance .. its not giving anything … that’s what they feel …

Whats the solution?

It takes Rs.30 to buy “Outlook Money” and Rs.20 for “Money Today” (or read online : https://moneytoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?latn=1 ) and 5-6 hrs to read all of it .

Just Rs.100 and some hrs per month can help anyone save thousands or lacs (depending on there investments), but it takes discipline and regularity